Region: Eastern Africa Regional Economic Communities (REC): CEN-SAD · COMESA · IGAD

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• CEN-SAD
• COMESA
• IGAD

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Eritrea has been a member of the International Labour Organization (ILO) since 1993.

The country has ratified all eight fundamental ILO Conventions and has engaged with the ILO Decent Work Agenda, including the development of a Decent Work Country Programme.

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Act No. 73/AN/89/2nd L – Family Benefits Scheme

Membership of the Social Benefits Fund, which manages the family benefits scheme, is compulsory for employers of domestic workers within 48 hours of hiring them (Art. 18).

Regulatory status: Explicit inclusion in social protection framework

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Act No. 199/AN/13/6th L (20 February 2013) Extends health care coverage to self-employed workers.

• Membership of the National Social Security Fund (CNSS) is compulsory for all self-employed persons (Art. 4)
• Self-employed workers enjoy the same benefits as other insured members (Art. 7)
• Contributions are linked to the main economic activity (Art. 9)

Decree No. 2013-055/PR/MTRA (11 April 2013) Implements the above Act:

• Mandatory registration of all self-employed persons with CNSS (Art. 1)
• Automatic registration mechanisms where required (Art. 2)
• Issuance of lifetime identification number (Art. 3)

Act No. 24/AN/14/7th (5 February 2014) Establishes a Universal Health Insurance Scheme:

• Includes a scheme for self-employed workers (Art. 5(2))
• Financing based on income-related contributions (Art. 17)

Regulatory status: Strong formal inclusion of self-employed workers in social protection system

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Mining Proclamation No. 68/1995 (20 March 1995)

• Governs all mining operations within Eritrea (s 3)
• Defines artisanal mining as non-mechanised, manual mining carried out by individuals or groups (s 2(2))

Regulatory status: Clear legal framework including artisanal mining

Partnership Agreement (04 October 2017) Between the National Social Security Fund (CNSS) and the Union of Buses and Minibuses.

Key provisions:

• Public transport self-employed workers and their families receive full medical coverage
• Inclusion under the Universal Health Insurance scheme
• Contributions required under compulsory health insurance system
• Contribution rates:
  • Bus owners: 3500 FDJ (~20 USD) per month
  • Minibus owners: 1750 FDJ (~10 USD) per month
• Flexible payment options (monthly, quarterly, etc.)

Regulatory status: Sector-specific inclusion via social protection agreement

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• Institutions and Stakeholder Database – Eritrea (to be linked)
• IIAG – Eritrea (to be linked)
• ILO Country Profile – Eritrea (to be linked)