====== Côte d’Ivoire ====== **Region:** Western Africa **Regional Economic Communities (REC):** CEN-SAD · ECOWAS · OHADA → [[https://iiag.online/locations/ci.html|View IIAG Country Statistics]] ---- ^ Indicator ^ Data ^ | **Governance (IIAG)** | Overall Governance score: 56.7 / 100 · Rank: 16th / 54 | ---- ===== PART 1 – HIGH-LEVEL COUNTRY MAPPING ===== ==== Institutions and Stakeholder Database ==== (To be linked) ---- ==== REC Membership ==== * CEN-SAD * ECOWAS * OHADA ---- ==== Population size and size of the informal economy ==== The population of Côte d’Ivoire is estimated at approximately **33.1 million (2026)**. The informal economy is substantial: * Estimated **36.6%–42% of GDP** * Up to **80–90% of employment** It plays a critical role in: * Urban livelihoods * Small-scale trade * Service provision ---- ==== Nature of the legal system and ILO status ==== Côte d’Ivoire operates a **civil law system**, influenced by French legal traditions and OHADA regional law. Côte d’Ivoire has been a member of the **International Labour Organization (ILO) since 1960**. The **Decent Work Country Programme (DWCP)** focuses on: * Employment creation * Social protection * Labour rights * Social dialogue Priority areas include: * Youth employment * Informal economy integration * Child labour (notably in cocoa sector) * Labour migration governance ---- ==== Workers’ rights in human rights system, national labour law / social protection and scope of protection ==== Côte d’Ivoire is undergoing a **transition toward an inclusive social protection system**. The system is structured around three pillars: **1. Social Insurance (Contributory)** * Managed by IPS-CNPS (private sector) * IPS-CGRAE (public sector) * Covers pensions and workplace injuries **2. Social Assistance (Non-contributory)** * Cash transfers * Food-for-work programmes **3. Universal Health Coverage (CMU)** * Established in 2014 * Includes: * Contributory scheme (RGB) * Non-contributory scheme (RAM) Coverage: * ~62% of the population **National Social Protection Strategy (2024–2028)** aims to: * Reduce poverty * Expand informal sector coverage * Strengthen rural inclusion ---- ==== Existing laws, policy and regulatory initiatives for the protection of workers in the informal economy ==== Côte d’Ivoire combines: * Labour law frameworks * Social protection expansion * Sectoral formalisation initiatives However: * Informality remains structurally embedded * Enforcement is uneven ---- ===== PART 2 – SECTOR SPECIFIC REGULATION ===== ---- ==== Domestic Work Sector ==== **Labour Code (Law No. 2015-532 of 20 July 2015)** * Applies generally to domestic workers **Key regulatory elements:** * Weekly rest entitlement (Art. 24-1) * Paid leave (Art. 25) * CNPS registration requirement **Decree No. 96-203 (Working Hours)** * Allows **56-hour workweek** for domestic workers **Decree No. 96-209 (Employer Obligations)** * Requires employer registration with CNPS **Note:** A 2014 Bill aimed at regulating domestic work exists but its adoption status remains unclear. **Reality:** * Sector remains largely informal * Weak enforcement ---- ==== Street Vendor ==== Regulatory framework characterised by: * Formal recognition + restrictive enforcement **Key instruments:** * Legislative Ordinance No. 79-021 (1979) * Interdivisional Order No. 0029/80 (1980) * Law No. 2016-412 (Consumer Protection) **Key features:** * Licensing requirements * Municipal by-laws governing space use * Hygiene and product standards **Reality:** * Harassment and evictions common * Informality persists despite regulation ---- ==== Waste Reclaiming ==== Legal framework: * Environmental protection laws * Waste regulation policies However: * No dedicated framework for waste pickers * Workers operate informally in hazardous conditions Emerging developments: * Circular economy initiatives * IFC-supported programmes * Judicial recognition of environmental rights ---- ==== Home working ==== **Ordinance No. 2021-902** * Recognises telework Key provisions: * Employer must provide equipment * Telecom costs may be covered * Conditions defined via agreements General labour rules still apply: * 40-hour workweek * Adapted for remote work ---- ==== Gig Work and the Platform Economy ==== No dedicated gig economy law. Workers generally classified as **independent contractors**. **Key framework:** **Ordinance No. 2019-636 (Self-employed Social Security)** * Establishes compulsory scheme * Covers: * Illness * Maternity * Old age **Decree No. 2020-308** * Governs operation of scheme **Craft Industry Law (2014)** * Confirms independence (no subordination) **Implication:** * Inclusion via **social protection** * Exclusion from **labour law protections** ---- ==== Farm Work ==== Governed by Labour Code and sector regulations. **Key features:** * Agricultural minimum wage (**SMAG**) * Working time: * Up to 48 hours/week * ~2400 hours/year * Overtime regulation * Written contracts recommended **Critical issues:** * Child labour (cocoa sector) * Informality * Land tenure insecurity **Legal frameworks:** * 1998 Rural Land Law * Agricultural Guidance Law (2015) ---- ==== The Mining Sector and Artisanal Mining ==== **Mining Code (Act No. 2014-138 of 24 March 2014)** * Regulates all mining activities * Requires licensing **Supporting instruments:** * Decree No. 2014-397 * Order No. 002/MIM/CAB (2016) * UEMOA Mining Regulation (2023) **Key issue:** * Difficulty integrating artisanal miners Recent developments: * 2022 ASM formalisation policy * World Bank-supported initiatives ---- ==== Taxi and Transport Sector (Gig-work/platform economy overlap) ==== Regulated through: * Licensing systems * Vehicle standards * Municipal oversight Includes: * Taxi-motos * VTC (ride-hailing services) Challenges: * Informal operators * Regulatory gaps * Safety concerns ---- ==== Cross-Border Informal Trade ==== Highly significant but weakly regulated. Key characteristics: * Operates outside formal customs systems * Driven by: * Complex regulations * Trade barriers Current direction: * AfCFTA-driven formalisation * Simplified Trade Regimes (STRs) * Recognition of role in: * Food security * Poverty reduction ---- ===== Sources / Links ===== * IIAG – Côte d’Ivoire: https://iiag.online/locations/ci.html * Labour Code (2015) * Mining Code (2014) * National Social Protection Strategy (2024–2028) * Ordinance No. 2019-636 (Self-employed social security)