Regulation of Work in Africa

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====== Congo Republic ======

===== HIGH-LEVEL COUNTRY MAPPING =====

==== INSTITUTIONS AND STAKEHOLDER DATABASE – Congo Republic ====

REC MEMBERSHIP – ECCAS

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==== Governance Indicators ====

[[https://iiag.online/locations/cg.html|Congo Republic Ibrahim Index of African Governance (IIAG)]]

Overall Governance score: 39.7 (/100)  
Rank: 45th (out of 54 countries)

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==== Population Size and Size of the Informal Economy ====

The current population of Congo is **6,481,018 as of 27 June 2025**, based on Worldometer’s elaboration of the latest United Nations data.

Congo’s 2025 population is estimated at **6,484,437 people at mid-year**.

The informal economy in **Congo-Brazzaville** represents a substantial portion of both economic activity and employment.

Estimates suggest that between **81.5% and 97.5% of economic activity** takes place in the informal economy.

One report indicates that approximately **88.6% of the total workforce** is employed in the informal sector.

This includes:

  * **59.7% agricultural activities**
  * **28.9% non-agricultural activities**

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==== Nature of the Legal System and ILO Status ====

The legal system of the Republic of the Congo is primarily a **civil law system influenced by French law**, reflecting its historical status as a former French colony.

The legal framework also incorporates elements of **customary law**, particularly in matters relating to:

  * personal status
  * family law
  * land and property rights within traditional communities

The Republic of the Congo has been a **member of the International Labour Organization (ILO) since 1960**.

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==== Workers’ Rights in the Human Rights System, National Labour Law and Social Protection ====

Workers’ rights in the Republic of the Congo are protected through a combination of:

  * constitutional guarantees
  * national labour legislation
  * international labour standards ratified by the country

These frameworks address fundamental labour rights including:

  * freedom of association
  * collective bargaining
  * workplace protections
  * social security provisions

However, as in many countries with large informal economies, the effective extension of these protections to workers operating in the informal sector remains a significant policy challenge.

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==== Existing Laws, Regulatory, Policy or Institutional Initiatives Protecting Workers in the Informal Economy ====

See sector-specific regulation below.

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===== PART 2 – SECTOR SPECIFIC REGULATION =====

==== Domestic Work Sector ====

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==== Street Vendors ====

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==== Waste Reclaiming ====

  * **Act No. 33-2023 of 17 November 2023 on Sustainable Environmental Management in the Republic of the Congo**

    * Persons who produce, store, export, process, collect, transport, or engage in waste brokerage or trading operations must provide the environmental authorities, no later than **20 June and 20 December of each year**, with information concerning the origin, nature, characteristics, quantities, intended use and methods of processing and disposal of waste they produce, transfer to third parties or take charge of.

    * The reduction, recycling and reuse of waste must be carried out in accordance with the applicable regulations. (Art. 58)

    * Activities relating to the management of hazardous waste — including collection, transport, storage, treatment, brokerage and trading — require authorisation from the **Minister responsible for the environment**, following technical advice from authorised services.

    * A **Decree of the Council of Ministers** shall determine the conditions under which waste is collected, sorted, transported, stored, treated and disposed of. (Art. 59)

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==== Home Working ====

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==== Gig Work and the Platform Economy ====

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==== Farm Work ====

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==== Mining and Artisanal Mining ====

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==== Taxi and Transport Sector ====

  * **Decree No. 2024-324 of 9 July 2024**

    * Issued by the Prime Minister regulating the activity of **public passenger transport by motorbike**, thereby formally recognising this activity.

  * **Municipal Orders No. 773 and 774 of 30 September 2024**

    * Define the conditions under which **motorbike transport may operate in the suburbs of Brazzaville**.

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==== Cross-Border Informal Trade ====

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